What is carbon monoxide poisoning in aviation?

Carbon monoxide poisoning in aviation is specifically caused by the inhalation of carbon monoxide gas, which is a colorless, odorless gas that can be lethal at high concentrations. In the context of aviation, sources of carbon monoxide can include engine exhaust or other fuel combustion processes occurring within or near the aircraft.

When carbon monoxide is inhaled, it binds with hemoglobin in the blood more avidly than oxygen, thereby reducing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and leading to symptoms such as headache, dizziness, confusion, and even unconsciousness if not addressed promptly. Understanding this is crucial for pilots and crew, as it can impair cognitive function and physical capabilities, directly impacting flight safety.

The other options pertain to different physiological issues: high altitude exposure generally refers to hypoxia due to reduced oxygen availability at elevated altitudes; heat-related illnesses involve the body's response to excessive heat, which is unrelated to carbon monoxide; and while cabin pressurization is important for maintaining a breathable atmosphere at high altitudes, it does not directly relate to carbon monoxide exposure.