Which type of vision loses color perception and has decreased visual acuity under dim light conditions?

The type of vision that loses color perception and has decreased visual acuity under dim light conditions is scotopic vision. This vision occurs primarily in low-light environments and is dominated by rod photoreceptors in the retina, which are highly sensitive to light but do not provide information about color.

In scotopic vision, the visual acuity is not as sharp as in photopic vision, which occurs under well-lit conditions and relies on cone photoreceptors responsible for color discrimination and high-resolution vision. This is why, in dim light, objects are seen in shades of gray, and color perception diminishes significantly. The importance of rod cells in this type of vision explains the challenges faced in low-light scenarios, such as when flying at night or during dawn and dusk.